Canada VAT/GST at a glance
Canada levies VAT/GST at a standard rate of 5%. Any Corporation (federal/provincial) that meets the registration threshold — or that voluntarily registers — must charge tax on taxable supplies, file returns on schedule, and remit the tax to Canada's tax authority.
Who must register
- Resident companies: required once turnover exceeds the local registration threshold (typically the equivalent of $30,000–$100,000 in annual taxable supplies; varies by country).
- Non-resident sellers: increasingly required from the first cross-border B2C sale (digital services, marketplace sales). Many jurisdictions follow the EU/OECD digital-services rules.
- Voluntary registration: useful when most customers are VAT-registered businesses (you can reclaim input VAT on expenses).
Registration process
- Confirm threshold status. Track 12-month rolling turnover. Many countries deem registration mandatory from the moment the threshold is crossed.
- Gather documents: certificate of incorporation, tax ID, director ID, proof of Canada address, sample invoices, business activity description.
- File the VAT/GST application with Canada's tax authority. Most jurisdictions now accept online applications.
- Receive your VAT/GST number. Timelines range from 1 week (Singapore, UK) to 8+ weeks (some EU members).
- Configure invoicing: tax number on every invoice, correct rate applied, reverse-charge wording for cross-border B2B.
Rates and treatment
| Supply type | Typical treatment |
|---|---|
| Domestic B2C sale | 5% added to invoice |
| Domestic B2B sale (registered buyer) | 5% added, buyer reclaims as input tax |
| Export of goods outside Canada | Zero-rated (0%) — recoverable input VAT |
| Export of services to non-resident customer | Usually zero-rated; check place-of-supply rules |
| Digital services sold cross-border to consumers | VAT applies at consumer's country of residence — often requires foreign VAT registration |
Returns frequency and deadlines
Most jurisdictions require monthly or quarterly returns plus an annual reconciliation. Late filing typically triggers automatic penalties (often a fixed minimum plus interest). Set a calendar reminder; many tax authorities now auto-debit late penalties from registered bank accounts.
Common mistakes
- Issuing invoices without the VAT/GST number once registered — buyer cannot reclaim input tax, and you can be fined.
- Applying the wrong rate to digital services (often 0% domestically vs reduced or full rate cross-border).
- Missing the registration trigger by tracking turnover on an inconsistent calendar.
- For non-residents: not registering for Canada VAT when local marketplace rules require it (Amazon, Etsy, Apple, Google often disclose seller obligations).
For company-wide compliance overview, see Canada accounting requirements. To compare with US sales tax obligations, use our sales tax nexus calculator.